Once again, the order of discussion in Micah is conversational, NOT chronological. So first is discussed Israel regaining her former glory, then about striking the judge of Israel on the cheek, and THEN is discussed this judge’s birth place.

A ruler in Israel is to be born

“But you, Bethlehem Ephrathah,
Being small among the clans of Judah,
Out of you one will come forth to me that is to be ruler in Israel;
Whose goings forth are from of old, from everlasting.”
Mic 5:2 WEB

Ephrathah is the former name of Bethlehem. Judah itself was compared to especially Ephraim, and Bethlehem is cited as being too small to notice among the main clans in Judah, but a special ruler is to come from her. The word for “ruler” here is mashal and it indicates someone having dominion or authority, is the master of something. It can indicate a king, but whether a king or not it indicates the one who is making the decisions

Notice the immediate context.

“Therefore he will abandon them until the time that she who is in labor gives birth.
Then the rest of his brothers will return to the children of Israel.”
Mic 5:3 WEB

It seems to be talking about God the Lord abandoning Israel until the one who is in labor with this ruler gives birth, that is until Jesus is born. It seems that “the rest of his brothers will return to the children of Israel.” That is to say that this ruler will once again unite Israel, which would be no small trick, either in ancient or modern times. Also it is not talking about any minor official who is to come, because it says,

“He shall stand, and shall shepherd in the strength of Yahweh,
In the majesty of the name of Yahweh his God:
And they will live, for then he will be great to the ends of the earth.”
Mic 5:4 WEB

And this ruler will be great to the ends of the earth! Jesus did tell his disciples,

“… “All authority has been given to me in heaven and on earth.””
Mtt 28:18 WEB

Clearly this is talking about the Messiah as even the ancients realized.

Notice the curiosities of the Jews accepting Mic 5:1
of the Messiah.

It is clear that when the wise men from the East arrived, that the unanimous answer of the Jews was that the Christ was to be born in Bethlehem. So they understood this passage as has been pointed out here. But notice the rest of story of this “ruler.” This ruler is one “Whose goings forth are from of old, from everlasting”!!! What does that mean? What does that say?

It seems to say that this ruler exists before His birth! And it seems to say He was even going and coming from times older than Micah and his prophecy.

In New Testament times this tripped up the Jews

He said “Before Abraham was, I am.” Jn 8:58 KJV. And Jn 1:1-2 says in fact that He was with God in the beginning. These things did trip up the Jews, but they should not have! Right?

KJV is the King James Version, 1611.

WEB is the World English Bible, a copyright free revision
of the original ASV American Standard Version 1901